The MTA said Thursday it had figured out how to trim more than $2 billion from its capital budget, and the state responded by agreeing to give the agency more than $8 billion to nearly close its spending gap.

The MTA, which has been struggling to find ways to fill a $14.8 billion budget shortfall in its proposed five-year capital plan, unveiled a multipronged approach that includes streamlined design-and-build processes, public-private partnerships, and a shortening of its procurement process.

The move will help the MTA bring its proposed capital plan from more than $29 billion to $26.8 billion.