China kicked off its largest-ever military parade on Wednesday, a show of its growing firepower and geopolitical clout as President Xi Jinping seeks to cast Beijing as the custodian of a post-US international order.
Flanked by Russia’s Vladimir Putin and North Korea’s Kim Jong Un, Xi was shown on television strolling up a red carpet to take his seat for the lavish event at Tiananmen Square to mark 80 years since Japan’s defeat at the end of World War Two.
Wearing a suit in the style of those worn by former leader Mao Zedong, Xi earlier greeted around two dozen largely non-western leaders in attendance, including Indonesia’s Prabowo Subianto, who made a surprise appearance despite widespread protests at home.
Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping and Kim Jong Un walk after a joint photo session of the heads of foreign delegations invited to the military parade to mark the 80th anniversary of Japan’s World War II surrender, in Beijing, China, Wednesday, Sept. 3, 2025. APHe was shown saying “Nice to meet you” and “Welcome to China” in English.
The highly choreographed “Victory Day” spectacle comes as US President Donald Trump’s “America First” stance and trade wars have strained Washington’s long-standing alliances.
Asked whether he sees the parade as a challenge to the United States on Tuesday, Trump said he didn’t and reiterated his “very good relationship” with Xi. “China needs us much more than we need them,” he added.
More than 50,000 spectators at Tiananmen Square packed into stands in Tiananmen Square awaiting the 70-minute showcase of aerial displays, marching troops as well as cutting-edge military equipment such as hypersonic missiles, unmanned drones and outfitted tanks.
Major roads and schools have been closed in Beijing for the parade, the culmination of weeks of painstaking security preparations and midnight rehearsals.
A soldier carried a flag during the military parade that marked the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II. REUTERS
Over 50,000 spectators lined up to watch the 70-minute parade. Xinhua News Agency / Shutterstock
Chinese soldiers shouted as they marched down the street. Getty ImagesXi will review the troops lined up in formation before delivering a keynote speech atop the Gate of Heavenly Peace in Beijing, where a portrait of China’s late Chairman Mao Zedong overlooks Tiananmen Square.
Vision for new global order
Xi has cast World War Two as a major turning point in the “great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation”, in which it overcame the humiliation of Japan’s invasion to become an economic powerhouse.
He is expected to highlight China and Soviet Russia’s triumph in defeating fascism and its role upholding the postwar international order during his speech at the ceremony.
Russia’s Vladimir Putin, North Korea’s Kim Jong Un and Xi strolled on a red carpet for the event. POOL/AFP via Getty Images
Chinese troops are seen on a big screen during an inspection by China’s President Xi Jinping at a military parade marking the 80th anniversary of victory over Japan and the end of World War II, in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square on September 3, 2025. AFP via Getty ImagesEarlier this week, Xi unveiled his vision of a new global order at a regional security summit, calling for unity against “hegemonism and power politics”, a thinly veiled swipe at the United States and Trump’s sweeping tariffs aimed at both friend and foe.
Putin has already used the occasion to seal deeper energy deals with China, while the gathering offers Kim an opportunity to gain implicit support for his banned nuclear weapons.
Kim, debuting in his first major multilateral event, will become the first North Korean to attend a Chinese military parade in 66 years.
His daughter Ju Ae, whom South Korean intelligence consider his most likely successor, is making her international debut after years of being seen next to Kim at major domestic events.
The military parade featured equipment such as hypersonic missiles, unmanned drones and outfitted tanks. REUTERS
China’s President Xi Jinping starts his inspection of the troops during a military parade marking the 80th anniversary of victory over Japan and the end of World War II, in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square on September 3, 2025. AFP via Getty Images
Chinese President Xi Jinping stands in a car to review the troops during a military parade to mark the 80th anniversary of the end of World War Two, in Beijing, China, September 3, 2025. REUTERSNothing has been left to chance for the milestone gathering.
Local governments nationwide have mobilised tens of thousands of volunteers and Communist Party members to monitor for any signs of potential unrest ahead of the parade, estimates based on online recruitment notices show.
“President Xi will use this opportunity to showcase how the military is clearly, unmistakably behind him,” said Wen-Ti Sung, fellow at the Atlantic Council’s Global China Hub.
